Coaxial Connectors

Coaxial connectors, often referred to as RF connectors, are specialised electrical connectors designed to connect coaxial cables to electronic devices. They facilitate the transmission of high-frequency signals over long distances with minimal signal loss. A typical coaxial cable connector consists of a central pin (the inner conductor) surrounded by an insulating layer and an outer conductive shield (the outer conductor), which aligns securely with matching interfaces. These connectors are essential for maintaining signal integrity across various applications, including telecommunications, broadcasting and data transmission.

What Do Coaxial Connectors Do?

Coaxial connectors provide a reliable and efficient method for linking RF equipment, ensuring stable signal transmission in a wide range of electronic devices and systems. Whether utilising BNC or SMA connectors, they play a crucial role in minimising signal loss and interference, which is essential in high-performance applications. By maintaining a consistent impedance and shielding against external electromagnetic interference (EMI), coaxial connectors ensure that signals remain clear and uninterrupted.

Types of Coaxial Connectors

There are several types of coaxial connectors available, each suited to specific applications based on factors like frequency range, impedance, power handling, capacity, and environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity. Popular coaxial connector types include the following, with options available in male, female, and male-to-female combinations:

• BNC Connectors: BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connectors are widely used in video and radio applications. They feature a secure bayonet coupling mechanism that allows for quick installation and removal. BNC connectors are known for their durability and reliability, making them ideal for equipment that undergoes frequent handling or movement.
• Micro Connectors: Ideal for high-density applications with limited space, micro connectors are smaller and have lower power handling than standard coaxial power connectors. They are commonly found in mobile devices, wireless communication equipment, and compact electronic systems.
• SMA Connectors: SMA (Subminiature Version A) connectors are used in high-frequency applications such as radio communications, GPS systems, and wireless networks. These connectors deliver excellent electrical performance, minimising signal loss up to 18 GHz. SMA connectors feature a threaded coupling mechanism that ensures a secure connection.
• N Connectors: N-type connectors are built for high-power applications like radio transmission. Originally designed for frequencies up to 11 GHz, some advanced N-type connectors now support reliable performance up to 18 GHz. They provide robust connections suitable for outdoor use due to their weatherproof design.
• TNC Connectors: TNC (Threaded Neill-Concelman) coaxial connectors are similar to BNC connectors but feature a threaded coupling mechanism. This design provides a tighter connection that is resistant to moisture, vibration, and temperature fluctuations, making TNC connectors ideal for rugged environments.
• F Connectors: F-type coaxial connectors are commonly used in cable television and satellite systems. They offer reliable electrical signal conduction and are favoured for their ease of use in RF connector applications. F connectors typically have a screw-on design that ensures secure connections.
• SMB Connectors: Known as Subminiature Version B, SMB connectors are widely used in industrial electronics and telecommunications. These coaxial cable connectors employ a bayonet-style snap-on mechanism for a secure yet easy-to-manage connection, available in both 50-ohm and 75-ohm impedance configurations.

Coaxial Connector Applications

Coaxial connectors are essential for various industries, ensuring reliable connections and signal integrity. Here’s how they are used in different applications:

• Laboratory: In laboratory environments, coaxial connectors connect equipment like oscilloscopes and signal generators, providing stable, high-frequency connections essential for precise testing and data collection.
• Test and Measurement: Coaxial connectors support equipment such as spectrum analysers, ensuring accurate signal transmission for diagnostics, calibration, and detailed measurement in electronics testing.
• Telecommunications: Coaxial connectors are key in connecting RF equipment in telecommunications systems, maintaining signal quality and minimising interference in cell towers, networks, and data transfer systems.
• Base Stations: Used in cellular base stations, coaxial connectors link antennas and communication modules, supporting high-power signal transmission to handle extensive data traffic reliably.
• GPS: In GPS applications, coaxial connectors help link GPS antennas to receivers, ensuring accurate positioning and signal transmission for navigation, tracking, and timing.
• LAN (Local Area Network): Coaxial connectors are utilised in LAN setups, connecting routers, modems, and other networking devices, providing stable data flow and supporting high-speed data exchange.
• Antennas: Coaxial connectors are widely used to connect antennas in radio, television, and wireless communication systems, ensuring clear and consistent signal quality across varying frequencies.
• Consumer Electronics: In consumer electronics, such as televisions and radios, coaxial connectors are vital for connecting devices to antennas or cable systems, ensuring clear signal reception and quality user experiences.

How to Choose the Right Coaxial Connector

When selecting a coaxial connector, consider the following factors to ensure compatibility with your system:

• Frequency Range: Evaluate your system's frequency requirements to select an RF coaxial connector capable of handling those demands effectively. For example, high-frequency applications like microwave transmissions or wireless communications require connectors with low signal loss and minimal reflections at higher frequencies.
• Impedance Matching: Ensure the coaxial cable connector’s impedance matches that of your cables (commonly 50 ohms or 75 ohms) to minimise reflections and maintain signal integrity throughout the system.
• Environmental Conditions: Consider environmental factors such as temperature variations and moisture exposure that may affect connector performance, especially important for outdoor or industrial settings.
• Power Handling: Assess the power requirements of your application to choose coaxial power connectors that can handle the necessary power levels without overheating or degrading performance over time.
• Mechanical Stability: Evaluate the mechanical stability of the coaxial cable connector under potential vibrations or movements within your application environment to ensure long-term reliability.

For quality assurance, look for trusted brands like those offered by RS Components. They provide a broad selection of high-quality coaxial connectors suitable for diverse technical requirements across various industries.

Delivery Information

RS offers an efficient ordering experience for coaxial connectors and related products like BNC connectors and coaxial adapters, including options from trusted brands like Amphenol RF, Cinch, Molex, and TE Connectivity. With next-working-day delivery available across Singapore for online orders (Terms & Conditions apply), RS provides prompt and dependable service. For complete details on delivery options and charges, please refer to our Delivery Information page.